颗粒饲料中小麦粉碎粒度对肉鸡生产性能和肠道屏障功能的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2018.04.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在研究颗粒饲料中不同小麦粉碎粒度对肉鸡生产性能和肠道屏障功能的影响。本试验选用385只1日龄健康AA肉公鸡，分为5个处理，小麦分别通过2、4、6、8、10 mm 5种孔径的筛片粉碎成5种粉碎粒度，每个处理7个重复，每个重复11只鸡。试验饲粮为小麦-豆粕型。试验期42 d，分1～21 d和22～42 d两阶段。分别在试验第22和43天，每个重复屠宰1只鸡，测定空肠形态、黏膜紧密连接蛋白和炎性因子的基因表达及盲肠食糜中微生物的数量。结果表明：1）小麦粉碎粒度显著影响肉鸡1～21 d阶段增重（BWG）、采食量（FI）和料肉比（F/G）（P<0.05），且小麦粉碎粒度与阶段增重和F/G呈显著的二次曲线关系（P<0.05）；对22～42 d和1～42 d BWG和FI均无显著影响（P>0.05），随着小麦粉碎粒度增加，F/G显著增大（P<0.05），呈显著的线性关系（P<0.05）。2）随着小麦粉碎粒度的增加，空肠绒毛高度和绒隐比显著增加（P<0.05），且与隐窝深度呈显著的二次曲线关系（P<0.05）。3）小麦粉碎粒度可显著影响21 d肉鸡空肠黏膜occludin和IL-4的mRNA表达量（P<0.05）；小麦粉碎粒度线性影响肉鸡盲肠微生物的数量（P<0.05），显著增加乳酸杆菌的数量（P<0.05），降低沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌、产气荚膜梭菌的数量（P<0.05）。由此可见，在颗粒饲粮中（含木聚糖酶），小麦粉碎粒度为580～760 μm（筛片孔径为4～6 mm）时对肉鸡生产性能和肠道屏障功能有利。

关键词: 小麦, 粉碎粒度, 肉鸡, 生产性能, 肠道屏障

Abstract:

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of wheat grinding particle size in pellet diets on growth performance and intestinal barrier function of broilers. A total of 385 1-day-old AA male broilers were assigned to 5 groups with 7 replicates per group and 11 broilers per replicate. The 5 groups differed only in aperture size of screen surface (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 mm). The diet was wheat-soybean meal diet. The experiment lasted for 42 days, 1 to 21 days and 22 to 42 days stages. On 22 and 43 days of age, one bird per replicate was slaughtered to determine jejunum morphology, the gene expression of ZO-1, occludin, claudin-1 and inflammatory factors in jejunum mucosa, and microbial count in caecum digesta. The results showed that:1) Wheat grinding particle size had significant effect on body weight gain,feed intake and F/G from 1 to 21 days of age (P<0.05),and had a significant quadratic effect on body weight gain and F/G (P<0.05). Wheat grinding particle size had no significant effect on body weight gain and feed intake from 22 to 42 days and 1 to 42 days (P>0.05), but significantly increased F/G and had linearly effect on F/G (P<0.05).2) With the wheat grinding particle size increased, the villus height and villus height/crypt depth significantly increased in jejunum of broilers (P<0.05), and the wheat grinding particle size had a significant quadratic effect on the crypt depth (P<0.05). 3) The relative expression of occludin and IL-4 mRNA were significantly affected by wheat grinding particle size in broilers at 21 d (P<0.05). Wheat grinding particle size had significant linear effect on microbial count in caecum (P<0.05). The count of Lactobacillus increased significantly and the count of Salmonella, Escherichia coli and C.perfringens decreased significantly (P<0.05) with the wheat grinding particle size increasing. In conclusion, the wheat grinding particle size of 580-760 μm (aperture size of screen surface is 4-6 mm)in pellet diet (contain xylanase) is advantageous to growth performance and intestinal barrier function of broilers.

Key words: wheat, grinding particle size, broiler, growth performance, intestinal barrier

中图分类号:

S831.5

丁雪梅, 钟丽梅, 李东东, 曾秋凤, 张克英, 白世平, 王建萍. 颗粒饲料中小麦粉碎粒度对肉鸡生产性能和肠道屏障功能的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2018, 49(4): 725-735.

DING Xue-mei, ZHONG Li-mei, LI Dong-dong, ZENG Qiu-feng, ZHANG Ke-ying, BAI Shi-ping, WANG Jian-ping. Effects of Wheat Grinding Particle Size in Pellet Diets on Growth Performance and Intestinal Barrier Function of Broilers[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2018, 49(4): 725-735.

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