中药复方制剂对热应激肉牛生产性能及生理生化指标的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2018.03.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在研究日粮中添加不同中药复方制剂对热应激肉牛生产性能和生理生化指标的影响。试验选取18头22月龄、初重为（433.41±15.10）kg的健康未去势公牛，随机分为3组，每组6头牛。其中对照组饲喂基础饲粮，两个试验组分别在基础日粮基础上给每头牛日喂100 g的中药复方Ⅰ（健脾组）和中药复方Ⅱ（清热组）。试验牛均饲养于南方夏季高温高湿条件下，预饲期为10 d，正式期为60 d。正试期每日记录其采食量，并于第1、20、40、60天测定牛的体温和呼吸频率，第60天采集血样分析生化指标。结果：1）与对照组相比，健脾组肉牛的体温在第40和第60天显著降低（P<0.05），清热组的体温在第20和第60天显著降低（P<0.05）；此外，健脾组和清热组肉牛的呼吸频率在第20和第40天均显著降低（P<0.05）。2）与对照组相比，健脾组的血清总蛋白、白蛋白、甘油三酯含量显著升高（P<0.05），而总胆固醇含量显著降低（P<0.05）；清热组的血清甘油三酯含量显著低于健脾组（P<0.05），总胆固醇含量显著高于健脾组（P<0.05），而与对照组之间均差异不显著。3）与对照组相比，健脾组的血清胰岛素和脂联素含量显著升高（P<0.05），而清热组的血清胰岛素和生长激素含量显著降低（P<0.05），清热组的血清甲状腺激素（T3和T4）显著升高（P<0.05）；与健脾组相比，清热组的血清胰岛素、生长激素和脂联素含量显著降低（P<0.05），而甲状腺激素（T3和T4）显著升高（P<0.05）。4）与对照组相比，健脾组肉牛的平均日采食量和平均日增重显著降低（P<0.05），而料重比显著升高（P<0.05）。上述结果表明，两种复方制剂均可缓解肉牛的热应激反应，其中复方Ⅰ（健脾化湿方）可促进热应激肉牛脂类合成代谢，但对肉牛生产性能有负面影响。

关键词: 中药复方制剂, 肉牛, 热应激, 生理生化指标, 生产性能

Abstract:

The study aimed to investigate the effects of Chinese medicine prescriptions on production performance, physiological and biochemical indexes of beef cattle under heat stress. Eighteen healthy uncastrated beef cattle with 22 month old and initial body weight of (433.41±15.10) kg were randomly allotted into 3 groups.One group was the control group and the other two groups were the treatment groups. There were 6 cattle in each group. The experiment was designed by single factor random arrangement. The cattle in the control group were fed the basal diet. And the cattle in the two treatment groups were fed the basal diets with Chinese medicine prescription Ⅰ (strengthening the spleen group, SS) and prescription Ⅱ (clearing heat group, CH) supplied with 100 g per day per cattle, respectively. All cattle were fed under high temperature and humidity in summer of south in China. The duration of preliminary experiment was 10 days and the duration of the formal experiment was 60 days. Feed intake was recorded everyday, the body temperature and respiratory rate were determined at 1, 20, 40 and 60 d, and serum samples were collected for detecting biochemical indexes at the end of the experiment. The results showed that:1) The body temperature of individuals in SS group significantly decreased on day 40 and 60 (P<0.05), and body temperature of individuals in CH group significantly decreased on day 20 and 60 (P<0.05) compared with control group. The respiratory rate of individuals in SS and CH groups significantly reduced on day 20 and 40 compared with control group (P<0.05). 2) On day 60, the content of serum total protein, albumin, triglyceride of individuals in SS group significantly increased, but their total cholesterol levels significantly decreased compared with control group (P<0.05). Moreover, serum triglyceride levels of individuals in the CH group were lower but their total cholesterol levels were higher than those in the SS group (P<0.05). 3) Compared with control group, the levels of serum insulin and adiponectin of individuals in the SS group significantly increased (P<0.05), but serum insulin and growth hormone levels of individuals in the CH group significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the thyroid hormone (T3 and T4) levels of individuals in CH group significantly increased(P<0.05). The levels of serum insulin, growth hormone and adiponectin of individuals in the CH group were lower but the thyroid hormone (T3 and T4) were higher than those in the SS group (P<0.05). 4) The average daily feed intake (ADFI) and the average daily gain (ADG) of beef cattle in the SS group significantly decreased (P<0.05), but the F:G ratio significantly increased compared with control group (P<0.05). The present results suggested that dietary supplemented with two Chinese medicine prescriptions could alleviate the heat stress response of beef cattle, and dietary supplemented with the SS promoted the synthesis and metabolism of fat, but had a negative impact on the beef cattle production performance.

Key words: Chinese medicine prescription, beef cattle, heat stress, physiological and biochemical index, production performance

中图分类号:

S823.5

张新雨, 刘博, 罗军荣, 徐洋, 尚含乐, 杨食堂, 宋小珍. 中药复方制剂对热应激肉牛生产性能及生理生化指标的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2018, 49(3): 620-628.

ZHANG Xin-yu, LIU Bo, LUO Jun-rong, XU Yang, SHANG Han-le, YANG Shi-tang, SONG Xiao-zhen. Effects of Chinese Medicine Prescriptions on Production Performance, Physiological and Biochemical Indexes of Beef Cattle under Heat Stress[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2018, 49(3): 620-628.

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