饲粮蛋白水平对荣昌猪脂肪细胞和肌纤维发育及相关基因表达的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2017.11.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在探讨饲粮蛋白水平对育肥期荣昌猪屠宰性能、细胞大小、基因表达和线粒体DNA拷贝数的影响。选取24头体重相近的荣昌猪，在育肥阶段随机分为2组，即低蛋白组（10.50%）和高蛋白组（16.50%），每组3个重复，每个重复4头猪。试验结束后，屠宰，测定生产性能、屠宰性能、脂肪细胞体积和肌纤维横截面面积。使用qRT-PCR法定量分析mRNA相对表达水平和线粒体DNA拷贝数。结果显示：1）高蛋白组胴体重、脂肪率、背膘厚和脂肪细胞体积显著高于低蛋白组（P<0.05），瘦肉率、眼肌面积和肌纤维横截面面积在2组间无显著差异（P>0.05）；2）与低蛋白组相比，高蛋白组脂质降解基因ADIPOR1、ADIPOR2和LPL的表达量显著降低（P<0.05），脂质生成基因FABP5、FTO和UCP2的表达量极显著升高（P<0.01），基因SCD的表达量变化不显著（P>0.05），肌肉生长基因MYOG、MYOZ1、MYOD1和IGF1的表达量显著升高（P<0.05），抑制肌肉生长基因MSTN的表达量变化不显著（P>0.05）；3）与低蛋白组相比，高蛋白组脂肪细胞和肌纤维线粒体DNA拷贝数显著升高（P<0.05）。结果提示，饲粮蛋白可从分子和表型水平来影响育肥期荣昌猪的生长发育，高蛋白饲粮可增强其脂肪沉积。

关键词: 饲粮蛋白水平, 荣昌猪, 脂肪细胞, 肌纤维, 基因表达, 拷贝数变化

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary protein on slaughter performance, cell size, gene expression and mtDNA copy number in Rongchang pigs during fattening period. Twenty-four Rongchang pigs with similar body weight were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups:low protein group (10.50%) and high protein group (16.50%). Each group had 3 replicates and 4 pigs per replicate. After the trial, all pigs were slaughtered, the growth performance, slaughter performance, adipocyte volume and myofiber cross-sectional area (CSA) were detected. qRT-PCR was used to analyze mRNA expression and mtDNA copy number. The results showed that:1) The carcass weight, fat percentage, backfat thickness and adipocyte volume of the high protein group were significantly higher than that of low protein group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in lean meat percentage, loin muscle area and myofiber cross-sectional area between the 2 groups (P>0.05). 2) Compared with the low protein group, the expression of lipolysis gene ADIPOR1, ADIPOR2 and LPL in the high protein group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the expression of lipogenesis gene FABP5, FTO and UCP2 were significantly increased (P<0.01), the expression of SCD was not significantly changed (P>0.05). The expression levels of muscle growth gene MYOG, MYOZ1, MYOD1 and IGF1 were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the expression of gene MSTN was not significantly changed (P>0.05). 3) Compared with the low protein group, The copy number of mtDNA in adipocytes and myofibers of high protein group was significantly increased (P<0.05). These results indicate that the dietary protein can influence on the growth and development of Rongchang pig during the fattening period at the molecular and phenotypic levels, and high protein diet can enhance the fat deposition.

Key words: dietary protein level, Rongchang pig, adipocyte, myofiber, gene expression, copy number change

中图分类号:

S828.5

章杰, 刘一辉, 何航, 罗宗刚. 饲粮蛋白水平对荣昌猪脂肪细胞和肌纤维发育及相关基因表达的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2017, 48(11): 2115-2124.

ZHANG Jie, LIU Yi-hui, HE Hang, LUO Zong-gang. Effect of Dietary Protein on Adipocyte and Myofiber Development and Related Gene Expression of Rongchang Pigs[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2017, 48(11): 2115-2124.

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