断奶前后仔猪和母猪粪便源大肠杆菌耐药性和铜抗性的分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2015.03.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在比较断奶前后仔猪和母猪大肠杆菌耐药性和铜抗性的变化，并分析其可能原因，为寻求控制大肠杆菌耐药性形成与传播的营养措施提供依据。试验中，采用CLSI推荐的琼脂稀释法，对分离自仔猪及其哺乳母猪的224株大肠杆菌的7种抗生素耐药性及铜抗性进行检测。结果表明，224株大肠杆菌对7种抗生素均有不同程度的耐药（耐药率范围28.13%~93.30%），70.09%的菌株表现出多重耐药性(MDR)。分离自母猪与哺乳仔猪的大肠杆菌抗生素耐药率相似度较高，仅有对氨苄西林和庆大霉素的耐药率差异显著。而断奶后仔猪源大肠杆菌的耐药率相对于母猪和哺乳仔猪变化明显，耐受头孢噻呋、氟苯尼考和氯霉素的菌株都极显著增加（P<0.01），耐受氨苄西林的菌株则显著增加（P<0.05）。相对于母猪和哺乳仔猪，分离自断奶后仔猪的大肠杆菌对铜的抗性程度明显增加（P<0.01）。大肠杆菌对铜抗性增加时，对抗生素耐药性也有所变化，两者之间有一定的相关性。母猪肠道内的耐药菌及饲料中的抗生素添加剂对仔猪大肠杆菌耐药性产生、维持与加剧发挥了重要作用，仔猪饲料中添加的高水平铜与大肠杆菌耐药水平的变化存在一定的关系。

关键词: 仔猪, 大肠杆菌, 耐药性, 铜抗性

Abstract:

The experiment was conducted to compare the difference of antibiotic and copper resistance among E.coli isolated from sows and piglets before and after weaning.In the experiment，224 of E.coil were isolated from lactation sows，suckling and weaned piglets，which antibiotic resistance to 7 antimicrobial agents and copper resistance was detected using agar dilution method according to the recommendation of the CLSI.The remarkable antibiotic resistance of isolated E.coil to 7 selected antibiotics was observed，the percentage of resistance isolates to individual antibiotic was ranged from 28.13% to 93.30%.70.09% of all isolates possessed multi-drug resistance (MDR).The antibiotic resistance of E.coil isolates from sows and piglets was highly similar，except resistance to ampicillin and gentamicin.However，the antibiotic resistance of isolates from weaned pigs changed significantly.The antibiotic resistance to ceftiofur，florfenicol and chloramphenicol increased very significantly (P<0.01)，resistance to ampicillin increased significantly (P<0.05).Comparing to sow and suckling piglets，the copper resistance of isolates from weaned pigs increased very significantly (P<0.01).In addition，when the copper resistance of E.coil isolates changed，the antibiotic resistance also changed，there might be a correlation between copper and antibiotic resistance.Drug-resistance bacteria in the gut of sows and in feed antibiotics contribute significantly to the development of antibiotics of E.coil in the gut of piglets.Moreover，it initially reveals the presence of a certain relationship between in feed copper and antibiotic resistance change of E.coil isolates form piglets.

Key words: piglets, Escherichia coli, antibiotic resistance, copper resistance

中图分类号:

S852.6

计徐，郑卫江，邹雪婷，黄九锡，姚文. 断奶前后仔猪和母猪粪便源大肠杆菌耐药性和铜抗性的分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2015, 46(3): 482-490.

JI Xu，ZHENG Wei-jiang，ZOU Xue-ting，HUANG Jiu-xi，YAO Wen. Analysis of Antibiotic and Copper Resistance of Escherichia coli Isolated from Feces of Sows and Piglets before and after Weaning[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2015, 46(3): 482-490.

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