卵巢miRNA研究进展

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2014.04.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

卵巢是雌性动物最重要的生殖器官，了解卵巢卵泡发育、激素分泌的分子调控机制，对于畜牧生产以及人类卵巢疾病的诊断和治疗具有重大意义。miRNA是一类长度约22 nt、在物种间广泛分布并高度保守的非编码小分子RNA，其作用形式包括介导靶mRNA降解或翻译抑制。众多研究表明，miRNA参与了卵子发生，卵泡发育、闭锁和黄体形成、退化等多个生物学过程，对卵巢miRNA的研究有助于从转录后水平揭示调控卵巢功能的分子机制。本文综述了近年来卵巢miRNA的研究进展，特别关注了卵泡发育和卵巢疾病相关miRNA的研究。

关键词: 卵巢, miRNA, 卵泡发育, 黄体, 卵巢疾病

Abstract:

Ovaries are the most important reproductive organs in female animals.Understanding the molecular regulatory mechanisms of follicular development and hormone secretion is beneficial to improvement of livestock production，the diagnosis and treatment of human ovarian diseases.The miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that are approximately 22 nucleotides (nt) in length.The majority of miRNAs are ubiquitous and highly conserved across species.The miRNAs regulate target genes via translational repression or degradation of target mRNA.Many studies indicated that miRNAs play critical roles in almost all ovarian biological processes，including folliculogenesis，follicle development，follicle atresia，luteal development and regression.The comprehensive investigation of ovarian miRNA will help to reveal the molecular mechanisms of ovarian functions post-transcriptionally.Herein，the advance in ovarian miRNA researches in recent years，especially in follicular development and ovarian diseases，are summarized.

Key words: ovary, miRNA, follicle development, corpus luteum, ovarian disease

中图分类号:

S814

徐源，孙铁成，张爱玲，李加琪. 卵巢miRNA研究进展[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2014, 45(4): 509-516.

XU Yuan，SUN Tie-cheng，ZHANG Ai-ling，LI Jia-qi. Progress on the Research of Ovarian miRNA[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2014, 45(4): 509-516.

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