不同填饲量对骡鸭生产性能、胴体品质和体脂沉积的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在研究不同填饲量对骡鸭生长性能、胴体品质及体脂沉积的影响。本试验选取91日龄健康、大小均匀的雄性骡鸭（巴巴里番鸭♂×北京鸭♀）56只，随机分成7个处理，每个处理8个重复，每个重复1只鸭。试验期为12 d，试验鸭在91和92日龄时分别填饲330和390 g·d^-1的玉米型日粮，之后10 d各处理填饲量保持不变，分别为450、540、630、720、810、900、990 g·d^-1。结果表明：（1）不同填饲量对骡鸭试验末重影响显著（P<0.05），并随填饲量的提高而逐渐提高。骡鸭平均日增重在填饲量为900 g·d^-1时达到最大，当进一步提高填饲量时，骡鸭死亡率明显增大。不同填饲量对料重比影响不显著（P>0.05）。以平均日增重为评定指标，采用折线模型估算的适宜填饲量为884.0 g·d^-1（R²=0.992，P<0.000 1）。（2）不同填饲量对骡鸭屠体率、全净膛率、胸肌重、胸肌率、腿肌重和腿肌率无显著影响（P>0.05）。（3）骡鸭皮脂重、皮脂率、腹脂重、腹脂率、肝脏重和肝重率随填饲量的提高而逐渐提高，不同填饲量对肝脏重和肝重率影响显著（P<0.05）。以肝重率为评定指标，采用折线模型估算的适宜填饲量为879.8 g·d^-1（R²=0.916,P=0.007 0）。由此可见，填饲能快速提高骡鸭平均日增重和体脂沉积量，但填饲量超过900 g·d^-1时，骡鸭生产性能基本保持稳定。

关键词: 骡鸭, 填饲, 生产性能, 胴体品质, 体脂沉积

Abstract:

This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different force-feeding amounts on growth performance, carcass quality and body fat deposition in Mule ducks. Fifty-six 91-day-old health male Mule ducks (male Albatre Muscovy duck × female Pekin duck) with similar body weight were randomly assigned into 7 treatments with 8 replicates per treatment and 1 Mule ducks per replicate. The experimental feeding period lasted 12 d from 91 to 102-day-old and the corn diet was provided to the seven groups of ducks. The treatment groups were fed by force-feeding and the feed intake in the first 2 days was the same in 330 g·d^-1 at 91-day-old and 390 g·d^-1 at 92-day-old in all groups, and then the force-feeding levels in each treatment remained unchanging during the next 10 days and were 450,540,630,720, 810,900 and 990 g·d^-1, respectively. The results showed that:（1）The mean final body weight were significant differences (P<0.05) and increased gradually with the increasing feeding levels. Average daily gain (ADG) reached to peak when the feeding level was up to 900 g·d^-1 and then decreased with the increasing feeding level. Feed/Gain (F/G) were no significant differences between each treatment groups (P>0.05). Based on the average daily gain (ADG) data, the broken-line regression model was used, the optimum feeding levels for force-feeding Mule ducks was 884.0 g·d^-1（R²=0.992，P<0.000 1）;（2）No significant differences in dressing percentage (DP), eviscerated percentage (EP), breast muscle weight (BMW), breast muscle percentage (BMP), leg muscle weight (LMW) and leg muscle percentage (LMP) were observed among different treatments(P>0.05);（3）Body fat deposition index of Mule ducks increased gradually with the increasing feeding level and significant differences in liver weight (LW) and liver fat percentage (LFP) were observed (P<0.05) among different treatments. Based on the liver fat percentage (LFP) data, the broken-line regression model was used, the optimum feeding levels for force-feeding Mule ducks was 879.8 g·d^-1（R²=0.916,P=0.007 0）. In conclusion, overfeeding of Mule ducks can increase average daily gain and induce fat deposition in adipose tissues and hepatocyte, but growth performance is never unchanged when the feeding level is up to 900 g·d^-1.

Key words: Mule ducks, force-feeding, growth performance, carcass quality, body fat deposition

中图分类号:

S834
S815.5

闻治国，谢明，黄苇，喻俊英，侯水生. 不同填饲量对骡鸭生产性能、胴体品质和体脂沉积的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报.

WEN Zhi-guo, XIE Ming, HUANG Wei, YU Jun-ying, HOU Shui-sheng. Effects of Different Force-feeding Amounts on Growth Performance, Carcass Quality and Body Fat Deposition for Mule Ducks[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA.

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