Abstract: There are several transmission routes of African swine fever (ASF), and the biological vector is the most important factor to transmit and maintain the local foci of ASFV, and even induces the genetic diversity of this virus. This is the main reason that ASF has not been eradicated from many regions or countries. Therefore, this review will describe the biological and ecological characteristics of Ornithodoros ticks, virustick interaction, Ornithodoros ticks control and their distribution in China, in order to lay the foundation for effective control of ASF.