Abstract: The mtDNA Cytbsequences(415 bp) were analyzed in four native sheep and one goat breeds (Little Tail Han sheep, Large Tail Han sheep,Wadi sheep,Tan sheep and Lubei White goat) in China.Base compositions and genetic distances among these regions were calculated and the homologous sequences were compared.Based on their Cytbsequences the molecular phylogenetic tree was constructed by NJ and UPGMA method with the MEGA software.Furthermore,the phylogenetic relationship among the four sheep was discussed.The sequence alignment revealed considerable variation in 44 nucleotide sites.The value of average sequence variation in sheep population (π) is 0.85%.Our results suggest that the genetic diversity within the sheep is remarkably scarce and these sheep breeds may have originated from a late common ancestor. According to the phylogenetic tree,we suggest that Wadi sheep be more closely related with Tan sheep than other two sheep breeds.