全基因组选择模型研究进展及展望

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2019.02.001

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2): 233-242.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2019.02.001

全基因组选择模型研究进展及展望

尹立林^1,2, 马云龙^1,2, 项韬^1,2, 朱猛进^1,2, 余梅^1,2, 李新云^1,2, 刘小磊^1,2*, 赵书红^1,2*

1. 华中农业大学, 农业动物遗传育种与繁殖教育部重点实验室, 武汉 430070;
2. 华中农业大学, 农业部猪遗传育种重点实验室, 武汉 430070

收稿日期:2018-08-02 出版日期:2019-02-23 发布日期:2019-02-23
通讯作者: 刘小磊,主要从事统计遗传学研究,E-mail:xiaoleiliu@mail.hzau.edu.cn;赵书红,主要从事动物遗传育种与繁殖研究,E-mail:shzhao@mail.hzau.edu.cn
作者简介:尹立林(1990-),男,湖北孝感人,博士,主要从事动物遗传育种与繁殖研究,E-mail:ylilin@163.com
基金资助:
国家生猪产业技术体系（CARS-35）；国家自然科学基金（31702087）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项（0900201564）；湖北省青年科技晨光计划（37018003）

The Progress and Prospect of Genomic Selection Models

YIN Lilin^1,2, MA Yunlong^1,2, XIANG Tao^1,2, ZHU Mengjin^1,2, YU Mei^1,2, LI Xinyun^1,2, LIU Xiaolei^1,2*, ZHAO Shuhong^1,2*

1. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China

Received:2018-08-02 Online:2019-02-23 Published:2019-02-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

全基因组选择是一种利用覆盖全基因组的高密度标记进行选择育种的新方法，可通过早期选择缩短世代间隔，提高育种值估计准确性等加快遗传进展，尤其对低遗传力、难测定的复杂性状具有较好的预测效果，真正实现了基因组技术指导育种实践。随着芯片和测序技术日趋成熟，高密度标记芯片检测成本不断降低，全基因组选择模型的不断升级和优化，预测准确性不断提高，全基因组选择已成为动物遗传改良的重要手段和研究热点。目前，全基因组选择已经成为奶牛遗传评估的标准方法，并取得重要进展，在其它物种中的应用正在逐步开展。本文主要对全基因组选择的统计模型发展进行综述，总结全基因组选择在动物遗传育种中的应用现状，讨论当前存在的问题，并对全基因组选择模型的发展方向和应用前景进行展望。

Abstract:

Genomic selection(GS) is a new approach for selection breeding using high-density single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the whole genome, which can shorten the generation interval by early selection, accelerate genetic progress by improving the accuracy of breeding value estimation. GS has a good predictive effect, especially for the complex traits with low heritability and difficult to be measured, and which truly realizes the genomic technology guiding breeding program. With the development of chip and sequencing technology, the detection cost of high-density SNP chips is continuously reduced, the genome-wide selection model is continuously upgraded and optimized, and the prediction accuracy is continuously improved, the whole genome selection has become an important means and research hotspot in animal genetic improvement. At present, genomic selection has made significant progress and becomes a standard method for genetic evaluation in dairy cattle, and its application in other species is being carried out. In this paper, we reviewed the statistical models of genomic selection, summarized its applications in animal breeding, discussed the existing problems, and prospected its development direction and application prospects.

中图分类号:

S114
S813.1

尹立林, 马云龙, 项韬, 朱猛进, 余梅, 李新云, 刘小磊, 赵书红. 全基因组选择模型研究进展及展望[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(2): 233-242.

YIN Lilin, MA Yunlong, XIANG Tao, ZHU Mengjin, YU Mei, LI Xinyun, LIU Xiaolei, ZHAO Shuhong. The Progress and Prospect of Genomic Selection Models[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2019, 50(2): 233-242.

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全基因组选择模型研究进展及展望

The Progress and Prospect of Genomic Selection Models

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