复合菌剂发酵玉米秸秆对绵羊瘤胃液细菌多样性的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2018.04.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在通过16S rDNA高通量测序技术研究发酵玉米秸秆对绵羊瘤胃液细菌多样性的影响。本研究选用装有瘤胃瘘管的南非肉用美利奴♂×东北细毛羊♀的F1代成年公羊12只，随机平均分为两组，分别饲喂青贮玉米秸秆和发酵玉米秸秆。分别在饲喂前1天、饲喂第7、21天晨饲后6 h取瘤胃液。同一时间所采取的同一处理的样品混合均匀，分别命名为青贮组（CS：YD0、YD7、YD21）和发酵组（FCS：YS0、YS7、YS21），之后通过高通量测序进行分析。结果显示：1）绵羊瘤胃内细菌群落包括29个门，74个纲，135个目，215个科和428个属。2）青贮组以拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）为优势菌群，其次为黏胶球形菌门（Lentisphaerae）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和纤维杆菌门（Fibrobacteres），发酵组优势菌亦为拟杆菌门，其次为厚壁菌门、黏胶球形菌门和纤维杆菌门。通过21 d的饲喂试验可知，青贮组拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门所占比例较发酵组降低，两组黏胶球形菌门和纤维杆菌门菌群数量都有所增加，但青贮组增加幅度更大。3）拟杆菌门的普雷沃氏菌属（Prevotella）在发酵组饲喂7 d后成为最优势菌属（丰度达15.56%），而在青贮组明显降低（丰度从10.48%降至3.17%）；纤维杆菌属（Fibrobacter）相对丰度在饲喂21 d后青贮组增加量大于发酵组。4）在97%相似性水平下，饲喂21 d后发酵组的Shannon和Simpson指数更高，表明它拥有更高的瘤胃细菌多样性。复合菌剂发酵玉米秸秆提高了绵羊瘤胃细菌多样性。饲喂发酵玉米秸秆的绵羊瘤胃内拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门菌群的比例降低，而黏胶球形菌门和纤维杆菌门菌群的数量增加。

Abstract:

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of fermented corn stalk on rumen bacterial diversity of sheep via 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing. Twelve F1 generation mature rams of South African Merino sheep♂×Northeast China Fine-fleece sheep♀ with rumen fistula were divided into two groups randomly and fed with corn stalk silage and fermented corn stalk, respectively. Rumen fluid was collected at different time points as following:1 day before feeding, 6 h after the 7th and 14th day morning feeding. Samples collected at the same time point in the same group were mixed well and analyzed for bacterial diversity by high-throughput sequencing, which were marked as:CS group (YD0, YD7, YD21) from the corn stalk silage group and FCS group (YS0, YS7, YS21) from the fermented corn stalk group.The results showed that:1)The bacterial community in collected rumen fluid was consisted of 29 phyla, 74 classes, 135 orders, 215 families and 428 genera.2) The dominant bacteria were identified as Bacteroidetes followed by Lentisphaerae, Firmicutes and Fibrobacteres with successively decreased amount in the FCS group, while successively Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Lentisphaerae and Fibrobacteres in the CS group. In addition, the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in CS group were lower compared with FCS group. The abundance of Lentisphaerae and Fibrobacteres increased in both groups, while a larger increase in CS group after 21 days feeding. 3)Prevotella was found to be the dominant genera in YS7 (15.56%), however its abundance reduced dramatically in CS group (from 10.48% to 3.17%) after 7 days feeding; the increase in abundance of Fibrobacter was higher in the CS group than that in FCS group after 21 days feeding. 4)Furthermore, with 97 similarity, the Shannon and Simpson indexes of YS21 in the FCS group were higher than that of YD21 in the CS group, indicating the higher bacterial community diversity. In conclusion, the fermented corn stalk with complex bacteria increased the rumen bacteria diversity.The ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in sheep rumen reduced,while the populations of Lentisphaerae and Fibrobacteres increased in the FCS diet.

中图分类号:

S826.5

郭威, 郭晓军, 周贤, 李术娜, 朱宝成. 复合菌剂发酵玉米秸秆对绵羊瘤胃液细菌多样性的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2018, 49(4): 736-745.

GUO Wei, GUO Xiao-jun, ZHOU Xian, LI Shu-na, ZHU Bao-cheng. Effect of Corn Stalk Fermented by Complex Bacterial on Rumen Bacteria Diversity in Sheep[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2018, 49(4): 736-745.

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