Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica

A Bayesian Strategy for Mapping QTL of Ratio Traits

SUN Li-hua;FANG Ming;GAO Hui-jiang;DU Hong-li

2010, 41(7): 785-791. doi:

Abstract ( 653 )

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The research was conducted to study on the Bayesian strategy for mapping QTL of ratio traits. The ratio trait was defined as a ratio of two regular quantitative traits with normal distribution, which was distinguished from regular quantitative traits in the genetic analysis because it did not follow the normal distribution. A Bayesian mapping strategy was developed for ratio trait based on the maximum likelihood method using a special linear combination of the two component traits. The two component traits were analyzed by Bayesian shrinkage method, and then a new posterior sample of genetic effects was generated for a ratio trait from ones of population means and genetic effects for the two component traits, finally, QTL for the ratio trait was infered via post MCMC analysis for the new posterior sample. Simulations analysis demonstrated that the new method had higher detecting power for the QTL than maximum likelihood method.

The Genetic Relationship between Polymorphism of H-FABP Gene andIntramuscular Fat Content in Pig

JIANG Yan-zhi;LIU Xiao-yan;LI Fang-qiong;LI Xue-wei

2010, 41(7): 792-796. doi:

Abstract ( 673 )

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This experiment was conducted to study the genetic relationship between polymorphism of H-FABP gene and intramuscular fat content in swine. By using 148 pigs from four pig populations including Yanan, Dahe, Dawu and Duroc×(Yorkshire×Landrace), the genetic variations in 5′-upstream region and the second intron in porcine H-FABP gene were detected by PCRRFLP with restriction enzyme HinfⅠ, MspⅠ, Hae Ⅲ, Hinf*Ⅰ. Genetic effect of HFABP gene on intramuscular fat content were analyzed by the fixed model in Duroc×(Yorkshire×Landrace) population. The results showed as follows: (1) 4 pig populations had polymorphism at HinfⅠ and MspⅠ sites; At Hinf*Ⅰ site, Duroc×(Yorkshire×Landrace) pig population had polymorphism, but other pig populations had no polymorphism; At Hae Ⅲ site, 3 pig populations had polymorphism except Yanan pigs. (2) H-FABP gene increased intramuscular in the order of Hh>HH, bb>Bb>BB，Aa>AA，DD>Dd>dd. These results indicated that H-FABP gene could be regarded as candidate gene affecting intramuscular fat content in special pig populations.

Genetic Diversity and Relationship of Three Indigenous Chicken Populationsfrom Papua New Guinea Using Microsatellite Analysis

ZENG Sheng-cheng;;Gariba Danbaro;William Nano;Sammy Doka;Tau Gerega;Olivier Hanotte;HAN Jian-lin;

2010, 41(7): 797-803. doi:

Abstract ( 850 )

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To assess the genetic diversity within indigenous chicken populations from Papua New Guinea (PNG) and the relationship among them, 20 microsatellite DNA markers were used to genotype 96 samples of three PNG chicken populations. The heterozygosity and inbreeding coefficient (F_IS) within the populations and genetic differentiation coefficient (F_ST) among the populations were estimated among other diversity parameters. NJ tree at population level and un-rooted UPGMA trees at individual level using Nei′s standard genetic distances were reconstructed to examine the genetic relationships among the populations. The estimates of average expected (gene) heterozygosity and F_IS within the three populations ranged between 0.665 9 and 0.680 6, and between 0.020 and 0.286, respectively. The genetic differentiation among populations was 5.5% of total genetic variability. Majority of the individuals clustered into different groups in the unrooted UPGMA tree following their origins of sampling. The three Papua New Guinean indigenous chicken populations had a high level of genetic diversity within the populations and significant genetic differentiations among the populations, which called for specific attention on these unique genetic resources in the conservation and utilization programs.

Semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Bioinformatics Analysis of Sheep MC4R Gene

ZHANG Ju;DU Li-xin;LI Hong-bin;WEI Cai-hong

2010, 41(7): 804-810. doi:

Abstract ( 721 )

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The aim of this study was to analyze the tissue-specific expression profile and bioinformatics characteristic of MC4R in sheep. Primers were designed based on the sequence of bovine MC4R gene and were used to amplify the sheep MC4R gene by PCR, the tissue-specific expression profile was analyzed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, and the bioinformatics analysis of MC4R was conducted. The results showed that CDS sequence of sheep MC4R was 999 bp, encoding a deduced protein containing 332 amino acid residues, the full length of MC4R gene cloned was 1 919 bp, and this nucleotide sequence of CDS shared 95.2%, 68.8%, 82.7%, 76.6% and 77.1% homology with the MC4R mRNA of cattle, human, pig, rat and mouse, while the homology of deduced amino acids were 97.0%, 92.8%, 93.7%, 92.2%, 91.6%, respectively. Semi-quantitative PCR revealed that the MC4R gene was expressed in various tissues, but at different levels. The expression level of this gene was higher in the brain, and lower in other tissues. It was predicted that MC4R was a kind of transmembrance protein and had seven transmembrane domains in sheep. There were ten phosphorylation sites and one phosphorylation site of specific protein kinase in MC4R protein. The results indicated that MC4R was an evolutionarily conserved protein, and played an important role in growth of sheep.

Study on Icariin Inducing Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells to Differentiate into Cardiomyogenic Cells

XIANG Rong-ke;MU Xiang;ZHAO Ju;WU Bo;LIU Xiao-ran;ZHANG Tao;GAO Jian-ming;

2010, 41(7): 811-815. doi:

Abstract ( 585 )

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The experiment was conducted to study the effect of Icariin(ICA) on inducing mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) differentiating into cardiomyogenic cells. mESCs were induced by ICA (terminal concentration were 10^-6 mol·L^-1 (ICA1),10^-7 mol·L^-1 (ICA2),10^-8 mol·L^-1 (ICA3)). Meanwhile, a blank control group was set up. After induction, mESCs were cultured for 4 weeks and cardiomyogenic cell percentage was worked out, the expression of specific proteins of cardiac troponin T(cTnT) was detected by immunohistochemical method, and the mRNA expression of MLC-2v,α-MHC,β-MHC, Nkx2.5 and GATA-4 in myocardiocytes were examined by RT-PCR analysis. These results indicated that the expression of MLC-2v,α-MHC,β-MHC, Nkx2.5, GATA-4 were positive, and the mESCs were differentiated into cardiomyogenic cells. The difference of cardiomyogenic cell percentage was significantly higher in ICA2 group than that in other groups. These results suggested that ICA could induce mESCs differentiating into cardiomyogenic cells in vitro, and 10^-7 mol·L^-1 ICA was the best concentration.

Gene Expression of Bovine Preimplantation Embryos Derived from in vitro Fertilization

CHEN Su-ren;ZHANG Xin;LI Xue-bing;CANG Ming;LIU Dong-jun

2010, 41(7): 816-822. doi:

Abstract ( 673 )

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This experiment was conducted to screen differential expressed genes of bovine preimplantation embryos derived from in vitro fertilization and make differential expression analysis. Bovine oocytes, 8 cell stage embryos and blastocysts derived from in vitro fertilization were selected for mRNA differential display in this study. Four differential expression genes in bovine oocytes and preimplantation embryos in total were screened. The sequencing and alignment results indicated that 4 differential expression genes were highly homologous with HMGXB4, Dnajc8, RIMS2 and RPL31. The results of RT-PCR detection showed that genes expression of HMGXB4, Dnajc8, RIMS2 and RPL31 in bovine oocytes and preimplantation embryos were temporaldifferential, and the reasons might be related with participating in different physiological activities.

Effects of Oxidative Stress on Tryptophan Catabolism in Weaned Pigs

LV Mei;YU Bing;ZHENG Ping;CHEN Dai-wen

2010, 41(7): 823-828. doi:

Abstract ( 752 )

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This study was designed to evaluate the effects of Diquat-induced oxidative stress on tryptophan catabolism in weaned pigs. According to a single factorial arrangement, a total of 24, Landrance ×Yorkshire weaned piglets were assigned into three treatments of 8 animals each, consisting of pigs given ad libitum access to feed (control), challenged with diquat (10 mg·kg^-1 BW) and given ad libitum access to feed (oxidative stress), or pair-fed to receive the same amount of feed as the Diquat-challenged pigs (pair-fed). The trial lasted for 7 days. The results showed that: ⑴ The growth performance and activities of SOD (superoxide dismutase) (P<0.01) and GPx (glutathione peroxide dismutase) (P<0.01)significantly declined in Diquatchallenged pigs, which followed by increased serum malondialdehyde (MDA) (P<0.01); ⑵ Diquat-induced oxidative stress decreased serum free Trp (tryptophan), augmented serum Kyn (kynurenine) (P<0.05 or P<0.01), Kyn/Trp (P<0.01) and 5-HT (5-hydroxytryptamine) (P<0.05); ⑶ After Diquat injection, the liver TDO (tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase) activities including total activity(P<0.05),holoenzyme(P<0.05) and apoenzyme activity(P<0.05) were enhanced, the effect of oxidative stress on IDO (indolamine 2,3dioxygenase) was no significant difference. These results suggested that Diquat-induced oxidative stress increased catabolism of tryptophan by augmenting TDO activity in weaned pigs.

Effects of Different Dietary Protein Level on the Expression of FASmRNA in Adipose and Muscle Tissue in Sheep

ZHANG Ying-jie;LIU Yue-qin;LIU Jing-yun

2010, 41(7): 829-834. doi:

Abstract ( 627 )

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Twenty four crossbred ewes (Black-Suffolk♂× Small Tail Han sheep♀) were randomly allocated into three groups fed with different protein levels diet, medium protein (150 g·d^－1), low protein (112.5 g·d^－1) and high protein (187.5 g·d^－1) groups, respectively. The expression level of FAS mRNA in adipose tissue and muscle of sheep were quantified by RT-PCR. The result showed that expression of FAS mRNA decreased with the increase of diet protein level in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue, mesentery adipose tissue and semitendinosus muscle of sheep. But the expression of FAS mRNA had tissue specificity, it was expressed in abdominal subcutaneous and mesentery adipose tissue, there was no significant difference between medium protein group and low protein group (P>0.05), but the expression of high protein group was significantly lower than that of medium protein group and low protein group (P<0.05). While in semitendinosus muscle tissue, the expression of FAS mRNA in medium protein group was significantly different from that in high protein group and low protein group（P<0.05）, and the expression of FAS mRNA in high protein group was significantly higher than that in low protein group (P<0.01).

Effect of Urea Treated Leucaena Leucocephala Leaf Meal on Growth Performance and Blood Parameters of Growing Nanjiang Goat

YANG Yu-heng;WANG Zhi-sheng;CAI Yi-min;LAI Song-jia

2010, 41(7): 835-841. doi:

Abstract ( 1030 )

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This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Leucaena leucocephala leaf meal treated with urea on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and blood biochemistry parameters in Nanjiang goat. Fifteen castrated Nanjiang goat (20.38 kg±1.51 kg, 6 months of age) were equally allocated into three diets with isocaloric and isonitrogenous. The concentrate for control group (CON), without Leucaena leucocephala leaf meal treated with urea (TLLM) or Leucaena leaf meal without urea treatment (ULLM), was formulated with regular protein source, whereas the concentrates for treatment groups were incorporated with 20% TLL or 20% LL to replace part of the regular protein source, respectively. All goats with TLL and LL did not show any toxic symptom after 28 days. Average daily gain in TLLM was higher than that in CON and ULLM (P=0.01), and had a lower feed to gain ratio than the other two groups. Apparent digestibility of dried matter, crude protein, organic matter, and NDF in TLLM group had a trend to be higher than that in CON and ULLM (P>0.05), especially, ADF was significantly higher in TLLM than that in ULLM (P<0.05). Hematological parameters varied in normal physiological range and there were no obvious difference among the groups (P>0.05). There was no difference of BUN, TP, GOT, GPT, T3 and T4 among the treatment groups (P>0.05), but ALB in TLLM was higher compared with the other two groups (P<0.05). Collectively, the Urea treated Leucaena leucocephala meal could improve the growth performance of Nanjiang goat by elevated nutrient digestibility without negative effects on thyroxine and tetraiodothyronine secretion, which consequently resulted in higher profit available.

Construction and Immunity Response of a Suicidal DNA Vaccine EncodingHaemagglutinin Neuraminidase (HN) of a Newcastle Disease Virus Isolated from Goose

ZHANG Yan-hong;FAN Hui-ying;CAI Shao-xin;LUO Kai-jian;XIN Chao-an;LIAO Ming;REN Tao

2010, 41(7): 842-846. doi:

Abstract ( 710 )

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To evaluate the immune efficacy of the suicidal DNA vaccine against gooseorigin Newcastle disease, a suicidal DNA vaccine plasmid expressing HN gene of goose-origin Newcastle disease virus was constructed by inserting the HN gene fragment into the expression vector pSCA1, and named as pS-HN. The plasmid was then transfected into BHK-21 cells and the HN protein expression was demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence assay. Animal immune experiment was conducted by inoculating goose with the pS-HN. The pc-HN, convention DNA vaccine expressing the same HN gene, pcDNA3.1(+) and pSCA1 were used as control. The results revealed that pS-HN was superior to pc-HN in inducing humoral immune response, cellular immune response and have better protective rate against goose-origin Newcastle disease virus. The study laid a foundation for evaluating the protective efficacy of pS-HN.

Translational Control of Nucleocapsid Protein of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

TAN Fei-fei;ZHANG Rong;WEI Zu-zhang;YUAN Shi-shan

2010, 41(7): 847-853. doi:

Abstract ( 689 )

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The structural genes of PRRSV are expressed from a nested set of subgenomic mRNAs (sgmRNA). Nucleocapsid (N) protein is expressed from sgmRNA7, but the initiation site of translation is the first AUG in N coding region, not the AUG in leader sequence of sgmRNA. This experiment is designed to study the translational initiation site of N protein. pORF673 is a former constructed full-length infectious cDNA clone that separated ORF6 & ORF7 and inserted three restriction sites, the conjunction sequence contains three potential AUGs. Three full-length cDNA clones encompassing ATG mutation were conducted to estimate their effects on virus replication. Viable viruses could be recovered and stably passaged on Marc-145 cells. The first 11 residues of two recovered viruses were fully changed. The result indicates that the expression of N protein prones to choose the first AUG. This study lays a foundation for the genetically tagged vaccine and further molecular dissection of the roles of N protein in PRRSV replication cycle.

Construction and Characteristic of Suilysin Gene Deleted Mutant Strain of Streptococcus suis Serotype 2

WANG Ya;ZHANG An-ding;LI Ran;HU Pan;LIU Cheng;CHEN Huan-chun;JIN Mei-lin

2010, 41(7): 854-858. doi:

Abstract ( 587 )

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Suilysin plays an important role in invading and lysis of host cells by Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2), and it has been believed to be an important virulence-associated factor. This experiment was conducted to study the role of Suilysin in the pathogenicity of the virulent strain SS205ZY isolated in 2005 in Sichuan Provice of China. The SS205ZY isogenic suilysin mutant was constructed through homologous recombination, and the hemolysis capability and virulence to mice between wild type strain and the Suilysin gene deleted mutant were compared. The results indicated that the isogenic Suilysin mutant showed decreased hemolysis capability and relative lower virulent to mice. The paper indicated that Suilysin was important virulence-associated factor and the high virulence of SS205ZY was involved with the synergistic effect of serveal virulence factors.

Effects of Surface Polymers on Traps of Arthrobotrys oligospora during Trapping and Killing Nematodes

WANG Jun;WANG Rui;YANG Xiao-ye;YANG Lian-ru;HAN Hai-bin;ZHAO Xiao-hui

2010, 41(7): 859-865. doi:

Abstract ( 663 )

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This experiment was conducted to study the biochemical characters and the role of surface polymers in the trapping process of the nematode-trapping fungus, Arthrobotrys oligospora. Hyphae with traps were induced in solid medium, which were covered by dialysis-membrane. Later, hyphae with traps were incubated respectively with different solutions of five different chemicals, two enzymes and seven protease inhibitors, then their effects on trapping and killing the nematodes were studied, while the treatments to vegetative hyphae with the same solutions or chemicals were also done to determine the effects on the growth of hyphae. The results showed that 5 mol·L^-1 LiCl and pronase E can significantly reduce the trapping of the fungus to nematodes, while 0.1 mol·L^-1 NaOH, SDS-mercaptoethanol-urea PBS solution and 1.5% SDS can completely prohibit the trapping and mycelial growth. Enzyme inhibitors（except phenanthroline） had no significant impacts on the adhesion to the nematodes, while serine protease inhibitors can inhibit the killing of the fungi to the nematodes. It had no effect on the adhesion when treated nematodes with the inhibitors. The facts above confirmed that the surface polymers played a key role in the adhesion process and they were proteins or substances containing protein. It also indirectly showed the capture phase did not need protease in trapping, which involved in killing nematodes.

The Study on the Global BSE Developing Risk Based on Bernoulli Distribution

ZHANG Zhi-cheng;LIU Yong-jun;HUANG Bao-xu;WEI Rong;WANG Zhi-liang;CAI Li-juan;MA Hong-chao;LI Chang-you

2010, 41(7): 866-872. doi:

Abstract ( 1022 )

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The global pattern of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) risks status was explored and discussed in this article. Based on GIS techniques and the theory of probability risk assessment, the studies on risk assessment of global-scaled BSE status were carried out. The results were as follows: (1) BSE cattle populations mainly existed in the countries that livestock populations were highly industrialized. Trend on increasingly globalization and industrialization can greatly facilitate the dispersion of the release & exposure risks of BSE agents around the world. (2) Globally, the high density of cattle inventory were mainly distributed in the subcontinent of southern Asia (included Indian, Thailand, Myanmar and Pakistan), southern Europe, Ethiopia of Africa and south American region, highly concentration of cattle inventory can make BSE exposure risks dramatically increased in given released BSE risks. (3) From global scale, BSE reached the zenith of its epidemiological spreading in the 1992, in which year BSE prevalence come to be 3.0×10^-5 probability level, mean that there should at least have thirty heads of cattle to be BSE positive among one million randomly selected cattle. In Europe scale, BSE pandemic got its zenith between 1992 to 1993, corresponding prevalence come to be 4.28×10^-4 and 4.13×10^-4 respectively, which mean that there should at least have 400-500 heads of cattle to be BSE positive among one million randomly selected cattle. It could be reasonable assumed that 1992-1993 should be the highest BSE risk period in EU and the world, in which interval, bovine and its bovine related products within EU can bring significant BSE risks to the import region and country outside EU. Currently, the highest BSE risk still exists in EU region, including Belgium, Czechic, Danmark, France, German, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovak, Spain, Switzerland and UK, and Japan of Asian, all above countries could have new emerged BSE cases theoretically. Second ranked risk region were in Slovenia, Canada, Sweden, Luxemburg and USA, in which countries, the expected BSE risk for at least one head BSE positive cattle to be 0.800 9. Besides, Finland and Greece also have some expected BSE risks in their cattle populations.

Distribution of IgA and IgG Secreting Cell in Porcine Respiratory Tract

LI Peng-cheng;LIU Zhi-xue;GAO Jun-kai;YU Qing-hua;YANG Qian

2010, 41(7): 873-877. doi:

Abstract ( 701 )

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This experiment was conducted to study the localization of IgA and IgG in porcine respiratory tract. The tissue samples of soft palatine tonsil, pharyngeal tonsil, trachea and lung were collected from pigs (50 days) and studied by immunohistochemistry methods for detection of the IgA and IgG secreting cells in porcine respiratory tract. The results showed that the IgA and IgG secreting cells in soft palatine tonsil were distributed mainly underneath the crypt epithelium. In pharyngeal tonsil, the secreting cells were predominantly found underneath the mucosal epithelium. In trachea, the secreting cells were observed just beneath the mucosal epithelium. Some were also found around the tracheal glands. A few IgA secreting cells were found between the tracheal epithelium. In lung, the secreting cells were located in alveolar septum, and underneath bronchus and bronchiole epithelium. In addition, the secreting cells in lung stained much lighter than that in trachea. Statistics analysis showed that the number of IgA secreting cells was the most in trachea, then the pharyngeal tonsil, the soft palatine tonsil, the lung had the least number of IgA secreting cells. However, the number of IgG secreting cells were the most in pharyngeal tonsil, then the trachea, the lung, the soft palatine tonsil had the least number of IgG secreting cells. Such a wide distribution of the IgA and IgG secreting cells in porcine respiratory tract provide a foundation and knowledge to respiratory mucosa immunity and pathogenesis study on the pig′s disease.

Tiletamine Induced c-fos Oncogene Expression within Central Nervous System of Rats

LU De-zhang;FAN Hong-gang;YU Shi-ming;ZHANG Luan-song;MA Kun;MA Hai-kun;WANG Hong-bin

2010, 41(7): 878-882. doi:

Abstract ( 687 )

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To investigate the distribution of c-fos oncogene expression in rats central nervous system following tiletamine anesthesia. Tiletamine action sites in CNS were studied, and general anesthetic mechanisms were also discussed. 72 SD rats were randomly divided into 8 groups. At 0, 10, 30, 60, 90, 100, 120 and 180 min after given tiletamine 50 mg·kg^-1 intraperitoneally, rats were perfused with 4% Paraformaldehyde (0.1 mol·L^-1, PB, pH 7.4). The whole brain was separated into cerebral cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, cerebellum and brain stem. Then these brain tissues were dehydrated 24 h by 20% sucrose (4 ℃). Cryosections were 10 μm and Elivision Immunohistochemical technique for Fosprotein was used to observe and count on the Fos-like immunoreactive neurons. In normal saline group, there was few Fos-like immunoreactive neurons appeared. And Fos-like immunoreactive neurons were observed in cerebral cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, cerebellum and brain stem in experimental groups. Fos-like immunoreactive neurons expression increased at 10 min after tiletamine administrated by intraperitoneal injection, peaked at 60 min and decreased at 90 min. At 180 min after injection, Fos-like immunoreactive neurons recovered to base level, which had no significant difference compared with that before given tiletamine (P＞0.05). The results showed that tiletamine induce expression of c-fos oncogene in the rats′ cerebral cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, cerebellum and brain stem. And the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, cerebellum and brain stem at the action sites of tiletamine.

Effect of High Molybdenum on the Antioxidant′s Function of Liver and Spleen in Broilers

XIAO Jie;YANG Fan;CUI Heng-min;PENG Xi;CUI Wei;CHENG An-chun;CHEN Tao;BAI Cai-min

2010, 41(7): 883-890. doi:

Abstract ( 681 )

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The experiment was conducted to examine the effect of dietary high molybdenum(Mo) on the antioxidant′s function of liver and spleen in broilers. 300 one-day-old avian broilers were randomly divided into four groups, and fed on diets as follows: control diet (Mo 13 mg·kg^-1) and high molybdenum diets(Mo 500 mg·kg^-1, high molybdenum group Ⅰ; Mo 1 000 mg·kg^-1, high molybdenum groupⅡ; Mo 1 500 mg·kg^-1, high molybdenum group Ⅲ) for 6 weeks. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathion peroxidase (GSH-Px) and xanthine oxidase (XOD) activities were lower (P<0.01) and the malondialdehyde（MDA）contents were higher(P<0.01) in liver and spleen in high Mo groups Ⅱand Ⅲ than that in control group. Changes of the above mentioned enzymes activities and MDA contents in serum were consistent with those of liver and spleen. Pathologically, hepatocytes in high Mo groups showed granular degeneration and vacuolar degeneration. The statistical analyses by FCM indicated that the G0/G1 phase was increased (P<0.01) and the G2+M phase, S phase and the PI (Proliferating index) were decreased (P<0.01) of spleen in high molybdenum groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ. The results showed that dietary molybdenum in excess of 1 000 mg·kg-1 impaired antioxidant′s function in liver and spleen, inhibit the development of the spleen.

Effects of Calcium Amino Acid Chelate Oral Solution on Health Status and Milk Quality in Postpartum Dairy Cows

WANG Jian-fa;WU Rui;LIN Yu-cai;ZHANG Min;LIN Yun-cheng

2010, 41(7): 891-896. doi:

Abstract ( 979 )

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This study was conducted to test the efficacy of calcium amino acid chelate as an additive on health status and milk quality in postpartum dairy cows. Forty-five postpartum dairy cows were alternately assigned to three groups based on calving date. Cows in control group were fed conventional diet, calcium amino acid chelate solution was given to dairy cows in the second group based on conventional diet, calcium amino acid chelate with magnesium hypophosphate oral solution was given to the third group based on conventional diet. Blood samples were collected after calving. Plasma samples and milk samples were collected to analyze related parameters. Compared with the control, the concentration of plasma total calcium in the second group were increased, the concentration of plasma PTH were decreased. Incidence of subclinical hypocalcemia and retained placenta in the second group were lower than that in control group, and the second group had higher milk protein than control group. The concentration of plasma total calcium, plasma magnesium and the milk protein content in the third group were increased than that in control group. Incidence of subclinical hypocalcemia and retained placenta in the third group were lower than that in control group. The concentration of plasma CT in the third group were increased at 7 d postpartum very significantly than that in control group, and the incidence of hypomagnesaemia was very significant lower than that in control group. Hence, calcium amino acid chelate oral solution treatment was beneficial in improving the health status and milk quality in postpartum dairy cows, especially the oral solution which was added magnesium hypophosphate.

Effects of Rhubarb Injection on Fibrinolytic System of Dogs after Vascular Bypass Surgery

CAI Hui-fen;LUO Peng;WANG Ke;XU Zai-pin;WANG Ding-kun;GAO Jun-bo;ZHAO Wei;WANG Qing-yu;PENG Yao;DENG Xiao-yan

2010, 41(7): 897-901. doi:

Abstract ( 655 )

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To investigate the effects of Rhubarb injection on fibrinolytic system after vascular bypass surgery, twenty hybridization dogs were divided to four groups randomly, which were control， high dosage (0.8 g·kg^-1), middle dosage (0.4 g·kg^-1) and low dosage group (0.08 g·kg^-1). The common carotid artery was reconstructed with jugular vein from the same side. Administration of Rhubarb injection was intravenous transfusion through vena cephalica accessoria. Parameters of fibrinolytic system was detected by ELISA quantitative assay before operation, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21 d postoperatively. Results were as follows: (1) Granule membrane protein 140, D-dimer，plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 was significantly reduced; (2) Tissue-type plasminogen activator was significantly increased; (3) Fibrinogen degradation products had no change. Results showed that Rhubarb injection could retrieve blood hypercoagulable state of fibrinolytic system, recovery activity of anticoagulation system and prevent thrombogenesis after vascular bypass surgery.

Isolation and Identification of Endophytic Fungus from Oxytropis deflexa

LU Hao;MA Yao;ZHAO Bao-yu;LAI Hang-xian;LI Rong;LU Wei;RONG Jie

2010, 41(7): 902-908. doi:

Abstract ( 629 )

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To explore whether endophytic fungus exist in Oxytropis deflexa, the main locoweed species in Qinghai Province of China, endophytic fungus was isolated and cultured from O. deflexa by tissue separation, species and genus of endophytic fungus was identified by morphology and molecular biology. Three strains endophytic fungus were isolated and obtained from O. deflexa, and named EFJ-3, EFJ-4 and EFG-8, respectively. Morphology evidence and sequence analysis of the ITS region suggested that EFJ-3 was Fusarium proliferatum, EFJ-4 was Emericella rugulosa, EFG-8 was Aspergillus ustus. The result showed that endophytic fungal existed in O. deflexa locoweeds in Qinghai Province.

Construction of Eukaryotic Expression Plasmid of poFcγRⅠ andEstablishment of Stable Transfected Cell Line

SHI Ping-ling;WU Cheng-ye;QIAO Song-lin;ZHANG Gai-ping;WANG Ai-ping;XIAO Zhi-jun;QI Yan-hua;BU Dan

2010, 41(7): 909-914. doi:

Abstract ( 700 )

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The objective of the present study was to establish the Marc-145 cell line that stably express porcine FcγRⅠ (poFcγRⅠ). The total RNA was extracted from porcine alveolar macrophage (PAM). poFcγRⅠ and γ-chain cDNAs were cloned by RT-PCR, then they were inserted into the eukaryotic expression vectors pcDNA3.1 (+) and PIREShyg3 respectively. The Marc-145 cell line was stably transfected with pcDNA3.1-poFcγRⅠ and PIREShyg3-γ plasmids by Lipofectamine2000, then the co-transfected cells were selected by Hygromycin B (300 μg·mL^-1) and G418 (400 μg·mL^-1). The expression of poFcγRⅠ on transfected cells was verified through RT-PCR, rosetting test and FCM. The eukaryotic expression vectors were confirmed successfully constructed and the Marc-145 cell line with stable poFcγRⅠ expression was obtained. The Marc-145 cell transfected with the poFcγRI cDNA were able to bind porcine IgG.

Molecular Properties of Subgroup J Avian Leukosis Virus Isolated in Northeast China

LIU Chao-nan;GAO Yu-long;JING Long;GAO Hong-lei;QI Xiao-le;PAN Wei;WANG Xiao-mei

2010, 41(7): 915-921. doi:

Abstract ( 654 )

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In order to analyze the variation status and molecular properties of subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV-J) in Northeast China, 12 strains of ALV-J were isolated from commercial egg-type chickens suffering from hemangiomas and myelocytomas of the region. The complete env gene, 3′untranslated region (3′UTR) and 3′ long terminal repeat (LTR) sequences were amplified, cloned and sequenced. Sequence analysis of the env gene, 3′UTR and 3′LTR revealed several unique genetic characteristics of 12 recent isolates. Phylogenetic trees showed that the 12 isolates from different flocks fall into three separated groups. Among 12 isolates, the 3 isolates were classed into group2 showing 120 bp deletion in the env gene and 2 isolates were classed into group3 showing recombination between earlier ALV-J and endogenous virus sequence. In addition, the intact E element was found in majority of isolates and highly conserved; within the 3′LTR, the direct repeat region (R) and the 3′unique region 5(U5) were well conserved; albeit U3 region exhibited high mutations, the transcriptional regulatory elements including C/EBP, CArG box, Y box, PRE box and TATA box were highly conserved. These results suggested that the deletion and recombinant in envelope gene has became new variation tendency of ALV-J in China, and the variation of the envelope gene and 3′UTR were probably important in tissue tropism changes and induce tumors.

Expression Levels of PAR-2 mRNA in Skin of Alpacas with Different Coat Color

JIANG Jun-bing;YU Xiu-ju;DONG Chang-sheng

2010, 41(7): 922-926. doi:

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Protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) is one of the receptor proteins on the membrane of keratinocyte which has been proved involving transportation of melanin granule among melanocyte and keratinocyte. To explore the mechanism of coat color formation of alpaca (Lama pacos). The expression level of PAR-2 mRNA in skin of alpacas with different coat colors was analyzed. The expression levels of PAR-2 mRNA in skin of alpacas with different coat colors were examined by QRT-PCR. The expressive quantity of PAR-2 mRNA in the brown alpaca′s skin tissue was 2.43 times than ones of natural white alpaca. Based on the expression level analysis of PAR-2 mRNA, the result showed that the levels of melanin granules transportation could be one of the mechanisms of alpaca coat color formation.

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