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Table of Content

26 May 2011, Volume 42 Issue 5
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综述
Biological Vectors of African Swine Fever
CHEN Ze;LUO Jianxun;YIN Hong
2011, 42(5):  605-612.  doi:
Abstract ( 484 )   PDF (2104KB) ( 1012 )  
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There are several transmission routes of African swine fever (ASF), and the biological vector is the most important factor to transmit and maintain the local foci of ASFV, and even induces the genetic diversity of this virus. This is the main reason that ASF has not been eradicated from many regions or countries. Therefore, this review will describe the biological and ecological characteristics of Ornithodoros ticks, virustick interaction, Ornithodoros ticks control and their distribution in China, in order to lay the foundation for effective control of ASF.
遗传繁育
Analysis of DNA Methylation in Landrace×Lantang Pigs and Their Hybrids Based on MSAP Marker
XIAO Zhengzhong;LIU Xiaohong;WANG Chong;LI Jiaqi;MO Delin;CHEN Yaosheng
2011, 42(5):  613-620.  doi:
Abstract ( 487 )   PDF (1336KB) ( 761 )  
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This experiment was conducted to analyze the extent and pattern of cytosine methylation in porcine genome and the difference of methylation between the parents and their F1 hybrids. The extent and pattern of cytosine methylation was assessed in genomes from 6 Landrace boars, 50 Guangdong Lantang sows and 51 their F1 hybrids by using the technique of methylationsensitive amplified polymorphism(MSAP). A total of 1 074 DNA fragments including CCGG sites were amplified using 20 pairs of selective primers, in total, 415 methylated bands (sites) including 79 polymorphic bands were obtained, and the average proportion of methylation polymorphism（p） was 7.4%. The results demonstrated that DNA methylation extents were high and methylation level varied among the three populations, genomic DNA methylation level of male parents, female parents and their F1 hybrids were 27.7%, 27.8% and 25.1%, respectively; and the external cytosine methylation frequecy of the CCGG sequence in single strand DNA（208%） was higher than that in single or double strand DNA (17.9%). The results indicate MSAP technique is efficient for detecting cytosine methylation in porcine genomes, and the methylation polymorphism in pigs is high, and the genome methylation level of F1 hybrids was different from their parents.
预防兽医
Development of Double Antibody Sandwich ELISA for Detection of Equine Influenza Virus
JI Yuanyuan;GUO Wei;WANG Xiaojun;WANG Zheng;LU Gang;ZHAO Liping;LI Hongmei;XIANG Wenhua﹡
2011, 42(5):  679-684.  doi:
Abstract ( 549 )   PDF (1734KB) ( 686 )  
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To develop a rapid and effective method for Equine influenza virus (EIV) detection, polyclonal antibodies against EIV A/equine/Xinjiang/07 strain and monoclonal antibody against NP of EIV were generated respectively. Then a double antibody sandwich ELISA (DASELISA) was developed. The specificity of the optimized DASELISA was evaluated using EIV, Equine arteritis virus, Equine herpes virus1, Equine herpes virus4 and Japanese encephalitis virus, resulting in only EIV specimens yielding a strong signal. Compared with hemagglutination test, its sensitivity was as two point five to ten times as the later. And it had crossreactivity with H7N7 subtype. Meanwhile it is suitable for detection of virus from the nasal swabs of experimentally infected equines. The results revealed that the ELISA possessed good specificity and higher sensitivity, indicating a suitable method for rapid detection of EIV.
Generation of Duck Origin H5 Subtype Avian Influenza Vaccine Candidate with Heterogenous NA Gene
2011, 42(5):  685-691.  doi:
Abstract ( 978 )   PDF (2104KB) ( 811 )  
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The aim of this study was to develop H5 subtype avian influenza vaccine with all genes from avian origin influenza viruses, and provide a DIVA (Differentiating Infected from Vaccinated Animals) strategy for the control of avian influenza. Sequences encode several basic amino acids of HA gene from A/mallard/Huadong/S/2005(H5N1，S strain) were deleted. Using reverse genetics system, we rescued two reassortant viruses (rH5N6/F and rH5N2/F) that contained NA genes from A/duck/England/1/1956(H11N6, E strain) or A/Chicken/Shanghai/F/98（H9N2, F strain） and internal genes from F strain. The two vaccine viruses were avirulent to SPF chickens and embryonated chicken eggs, replicating well in eggs and MDCK cells, while rH5N6/F showed better growth in eggs. The results indicate that the reassortant viruses are suitable for vaccine manufacturing and being used as reference vaccine virus against the H5N1 clade 2.3.4 viruses in China.
Epidemiological Study of Avian Leukosis on Layer Chickens with Different Stains in Shandong Province
2011, 42(5):  698-703.  doi:
Abstract ( 855 )   PDF (2953KB) ( 627 )  
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In order to investigate the prevalence status of avian leukosis virus infection in Shandong province, 3 882 serum samples, 2 428 cloacal swab samples and 41 suspectedcase samples were collected from different areas of Shandong province for respectively detection through methods of serology, pathology and etiology. The test results indicated that P27 antigen and ALV antibody were positive in all stains of layer chickens including grandparent flock, the p27 antigen and antibody’s positive rates of ALVA/B, ALVJ, REV were 19.36%, 9.29%, 5.18%, 1377%, respectively. The main groups getting disease were Commercial flock and parent flock, while there’re also some Hyline brown grandparent flock got disease. The pathology diagnosis indicates that the tumors mainly include myelocytoma (27/41), hemangioma (7/41), fibrosarcoma (2/41), leiomyosarcoma (2/41) and MD (5/41). Among the 41 samples, 33 samples were positive for ALVJ (80.49 %), and 22 samples were positive for MDV (53.66%), the coinfection rate was 43.9%. Among 17 virus stains isolated, the sequence homology of gp85 gene of ALVJ were ranged from 94.0% to 100%. The 17 isolated virus stains shared 94.3% to 98.7% identity with HPRS103, and shared low homology with other strains (84.4%96.8%). These results indicated that ALV infection existed in all stains of layer chickens in Shandong province and coinfection with MDV, REV were occured. Myelocytoma and hemangioma were the main clinical symptoms of sick chickens.
基础兽医
The Function of Two Amino Acid Residues Located in Chicken Invariant Chain
2011, 42(5):  721-728.  doi:
Abstract ( 881 )   PDF (2270KB) ( 594 )  
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The aim this study focus on understanding the characteristics of specific amino acid residues located in chicken invariant chain (Ii) transmembrane domain in the formation of MHC ⅡIi complex. Two amino acids, Gln47 and Thr50, in transmembrane region of chicken Ii were substituted by Ala via site mutation by the PCR megaprimer method, then the mutated fragment was inserted into pEGFPC1 vector and the eukaryotic expression vector containing IiGFP fusion gene was constructed. At the same time the other eukaryotic expression plasmids, pDsRed2N1MHC Ⅱα, pDsRed2N1MHCⅡβ, pEGFPN1MHCⅡα and pEGFP N1MHCⅡβ were constructed respectively. These recombinant plasmids were solely or cotransfected into COS7 cells with LipofectamineTM 2000. After culture of the cells for 48 h, the expression and intracellular localization of wild type and mutated Ii and MHC Ⅱsubunits were observed with a fluorescent microscope, and their association was analyzed by an immunoprecipitation test. The results showed that the wild type Ii with MHCⅡα or MHCⅡβ polypeptides could colocalized in cells, while the mutated Ii could not colocalized with MHC Ⅱα or MHC Ⅱβ in the endocytic compartments. The results of immunoprecipitation showed that the wild type Ii could bind MHC Ⅱα or (and) MHC Ⅱβ subunits when pEGFPC1Ii, pEGFPN1MHC Ⅱα or (and) pEGFPN1MHC Ⅱβ were cotransfected in COS7 cells, while the mutated Ii could not colocalized with MHC Ⅱα or (and) MHC Ⅱβ subunits when pEGFPC1IiQ47A (or pEGFPC1IiT50A), pEGFPN1MHC Ⅱα or (and) pEGFPN1MHC Ⅱβ were cotransfected in COS7 cells. Therefore all these results suggest that Gln47 and Thr50 in transmembrane region of chicken Ii play a key role in the assembly of Ii and MHCⅡsubunits.
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Supervised: China Association for Science and Technology
Sponsored: Chinese Association of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine
Edited: Editorial Board of the ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA
Institute of Animal Science. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Editor in chief: WEN Jie
Telephone: 010- 62815987
Published: Chinese Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Co.,Ltd
Post subscription code: 82-453
Distributed: Domestic Beijing Post Office, China Post Group Corporation Overseas China International Book Trading Corporation,P.O.Box 399
Foreign distribution code: M446
Price: 50.00 US$ per issue and 600.00 US$ per year
CN 11-1985/S
ISSN 0366-6964

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