B亚型禽偏肺病毒对黄羽肉鸡致病性分析及其灭活疫苗免疫效果评价

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2023.12.025

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (12): 5154-5161.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2023.12.025

B亚型禽偏肺病毒对黄羽肉鸡致病性分析及其灭活疫苗免疫效果评价

孟令宅¹, 陈春丽², 于蒙蒙¹, 王占新², 王素艳¹, 刘鹏¹, 何塔娜¹, 郭茹¹, 陈运通¹, 刘长军¹, 祁小乐¹, 吴志强², 高玉龙^1*

1. 中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所鮖(兽医生物技术国家)鮖动物疫病防控全国重点实验室禽免疫抑制病创新团队, 哈尔滨 150069;
2. 温氏食品集团股份有限公司养禽事业部生产管理室, 广东省畜禽健康养殖与环境控制企业重点实验室, 新兴 527439

收稿日期:2023-03-10 出版日期:2023-12-23 发布日期:2023-12-26
通讯作者: 高玉龙,主要从事禽免疫抑制病防控技术研究,E-mail:gaoyulong@caas.cn
作者简介:孟令宅(1994-),男,河北沧州人,博士生,主要从事禽免疫抑制病研究,E-mail:menglingzhai@126.com
基金资助:
国家肉鸡产业技术体系(CARS-41-G15);黑龙江省自然科学基金(TD2019C003)

Pathogenicity of Avian Metapneumovirus Subtype B on Yellow Feather Broilers and Evaluation on Immune Effect of Inactivated Vaccine

MENG Lingzhai¹, CHEN Chunli², YU Mengmeng¹, WANG Zhanxin², WANG Suyan¹, LIU Peng¹, HE Tana¹, GUO Ru¹, CHEN Yuntong¹, LIU Changjun¹, QI Xiaole¹, WU Zhiqiang², GAO Yulong^1*

1. Avian Immunosuppressive Diseases Division, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China;
2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Health Breeding and Environmental Control Companies, Poultry Division Production Management Office of Wens Food Group Co., Ltd, Xinxing 527439, China

Received:2023-03-10 Online:2023-12-23 Published:2023-12-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为评价B亚型禽偏肺病毒病灭活疫苗对黄羽肉鸡的免疫保护效果,本研究将制备的灭活疫苗LN16-I株以0.5 mL·只^-1的剂量通过肌肉注射的方式免疫3周龄黄羽肉鸡,免疫后3周,以相同的注射方式和剂量加强免疫1次。采集1~6周内的血清,并测定ELISA抗体效价及中和抗体效价,结果显示,初次免疫后6周,免疫组血清ELISA抗体平均滴度可达4.2×10⁴,平均中和抗体效价可达7.42 log2,阳性率均为100%。加强免疫3周后,使用强毒株LN16对各组鸡进行攻毒,攻毒剂量为5 000 TCID₅₀·只^-1,结果显示,攻毒对照组的鸡出现流混浊或黏稠样鼻涕、甩头等临床症状,发病率为85%(11/13),而免疫组均未发病;进一步通过荧光定量PCR方法检测鼻腔拭子中的病毒拷贝数,结果显示,攻毒对照组在第3天时出现排毒高峰,病毒拷贝数为4.9×10⁶ copies·mL^-1,而免疫组相比于攻毒对照组排毒量下降约99.43%;病理结果显示,攻毒对照组鸡的鼻甲和气管出现明显的病理损伤,而免疫组鸡均未出现病理损伤。本研究结果首次表明,B亚型禽偏肺病毒感染,可引起黄羽肉鸡明显发病,灭活疫苗LN16-I株可以对黄羽肉鸡提供良好的免疫保护效果。本研究为我国黄羽肉鸡B亚型禽偏肺病毒病的流行病学调查研究及有效防控提供了理论支持与技术指导。

关键词: B亚型禽偏肺病毒;灭活疫苗;黄羽肉鸡;致病性;免疫保护

Abstract: To evaluate the protective efficacy of the inactivated vaccine against avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) subtype B in yellow-feathered broilers, the inactivated vaccine LN16-I strain prepared in this study was immunized by intramuscular injection at a dose of 0.5 mL per chicken to yellow-feathered broilers at the age of 3 weeks. Three weeks after immunization, the same injection method and dose were used once to reinforce the immunization. Serum was collected within 1-6 weeks and ELISA antibody and neutralizing antibody titers were measured. The results showed that the average ELISA antibody titer in the vaccinated group can reach 4.2×10⁴ post-priming immunization, the average neutralizing antibody titer reached 7.42 log2, and the positive rate was 100%. Three weeks after the booster immunization, the chickens in each group were challenged with virulent virus LN16 at a dose of 5 000 TCID₅₀ per chicken. The results showed that the chickens in the challenge control group had clinical symptoms such as cloudy or viscous nose, head shaking, and the incidence rate was 85% (11/13), while none of the chickens in the vaccinated group showed clinical symptoms. The number of virus copies in nasal swabs was further detected by RT-qPCR. The result showed that the control group chickens exhibited virus shedding, which reached a maximum at 3 days post-challenge, and the number of virus copies was 4.9×10⁶ copies·mL^-1, while the amount of virus shedding in the vaccinated group decreased by 99.43% compared with that in the control group. The pathological results showed that the turbinate and trachea of the chickens in the control group showed obvious pathological damage, while no obvious pathological changes were found in the vaccinated group. The results of this study show for the first time that the infection with aMPV subtype B can cause obvious disease in yellow-feathered broilers, and the inactivated vaccine LN16-I strain has a good immune protection effect on yellow-feathered broilers. This study provides theoretical support and technical guidance for the epidemiological investigation and effective prevention of aMPV subtype B in yellow-feathered broilers in China.

Key words: avian metapneumovirus subtype B, inactivated vaccine, yellow-feathered broiler, pathogenicity, protective efficacy

中图分类号:

S852.659.5

孟令宅, 陈春丽, 于蒙蒙, 王占新, 王素艳, 刘鹏, 何塔娜, 郭茹, 陈运通, 刘长军, 祁小乐, 吴志强, 高玉龙. B亚型禽偏肺病毒对黄羽肉鸡致病性分析及其灭活疫苗免疫效果评价[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2023, 54(12): 5154-5161.

MENG Lingzhai, CHEN Chunli, YU Mengmeng, WANG Zhanxin, WANG Suyan, LIU Peng, HE Tana, GUO Ru, CHEN Yuntong, LIU Changjun, QI Xiaole, WU Zhiqiang, GAO Yulong. Pathogenicity of Avian Metapneumovirus Subtype B on Yellow Feather Broilers and Evaluation on Immune Effect of Inactivated Vaccine[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(12): 5154-5161.

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B亚型禽偏肺病毒对黄羽肉鸡致病性分析及其灭活疫苗免疫效果评价

Pathogenicity of Avian Metapneumovirus Subtype B on Yellow Feather Broilers and Evaluation on Immune Effect of Inactivated Vaccine

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